From 2e55e2fa39bc66949c5206adfbd1881921228eaa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Maarten de Waard <maarten@greenhost.nl>
Date: Wed, 28 Sep 2022 09:46:56 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Process lots of feedback

- Add a lot of docstrings
- Add AppStatus class
- Remove unused code
---
 .pylintrc             | 605 ------------------------------------------
 areas/apps/apps.py    |   2 -
 areas/apps/models.py  | 117 ++++----
 cliapp/cliapp/cli.py  |   9 +-
 helpers/kubernetes.py | 261 ++++++++++--------
 5 files changed, 219 insertions(+), 775 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.pylintrc b/.pylintrc
index 3f7a685c..4051d643 100644
--- a/.pylintrc
+++ b/.pylintrc
@@ -1,610 +1,5 @@
 [MAIN]
 
-# Analyse import fallback blocks. This can be used to support both Python 2 and
-# 3 compatible code, which means that the block might have code that exists
-# only in one or another interpreter, leading to false positives when analysed.
-analyse-fallback-blocks=no
-
-# Load and enable all available extensions. Use --list-extensions to see a list
-# all available extensions.
-#enable-all-extensions=
-
-# In error mode, messages with a category besides ERROR or FATAL are
-# suppressed, and no reports are done by default. Error mode is compatible with
-# disabling specific errors.
-#errors-only=
-
-# Always return a 0 (non-error) status code, even if lint errors are found.
-# This is primarily useful in continuous integration scripts.
-#exit-zero=
-
-# A comma-separated list of package or module names from where C extensions may
-# be loaded. Extensions are loading into the active Python interpreter and may
-# run arbitrary code.
-extension-pkg-allow-list=
-
-# A comma-separated list of package or module names from where C extensions may
-# be loaded. Extensions are loading into the active Python interpreter and may
-# run arbitrary code. (This is an alternative name to extension-pkg-allow-list
-# for backward compatibility.)
-extension-pkg-whitelist=
-
-# Return non-zero exit code if any of these messages/categories are detected,
-# even if score is above --fail-under value. Syntax same as enable. Messages
-# specified are enabled, while categories only check already-enabled messages.
-fail-on=
-
-# Specify a score threshold to be exceeded before program exits with error.
-fail-under=10
-
-# Interpret the stdin as a python script, whose filename needs to be passed as
-# the module_or_package argument.
-#from-stdin=
-
-# Files or directories to be skipped. They should be base names, not paths.
-ignore=CVS
-
-# Add files or directories matching the regex patterns to the ignore-list. The
-# regex matches against paths and can be in Posix or Windows format.
-ignore-paths=
-
-# Files or directories matching the regex patterns are skipped. The regex
-# matches against base names, not paths. The default value ignores Emacs file
-# locks
-ignore-patterns=^\.#
-
-# List of module names for which member attributes should not be checked
-# (useful for modules/projects where namespaces are manipulated during runtime
-# and thus existing member attributes cannot be deduced by static analysis). It
-# supports qualified module names, as well as Unix pattern matching.
-ignored-modules=
-
-# Python code to execute, usually for sys.path manipulation such as
-# pygtk.require().
-#init-hook=
-
-# Use multiple processes to speed up Pylint. Specifying 0 will auto-detect the
-# number of processors available to use, and will cap the count on Windows to
-# avoid hangs.
-jobs=1
-
-# Control the amount of potential inferred values when inferring a single
-# object. This can help the performance when dealing with large functions or
-# complex, nested conditions.
-limit-inference-results=100
-
 # List of plugins (as comma separated values of python module names) to load,
 # usually to register additional checkers.
 load-plugins=pylint_flask,pylint_flask_sqlalchemy
-
-# Pickle collected data for later comparisons.
-persistent=yes
-
-# Minimum Python version to use for version dependent checks. Will default to
-# the version used to run pylint.
-py-version=3.9
-
-# Discover python modules and packages in the file system subtree.
-recursive=no
-
-# When enabled, pylint would attempt to guess common misconfiguration and emit
-# user-friendly hints instead of false-positive error messages.
-suggestion-mode=yes
-
-# Allow loading of arbitrary C extensions. Extensions are imported into the
-# active Python interpreter and may run arbitrary code.
-unsafe-load-any-extension=no
-
-# In verbose mode, extra non-checker-related info will be displayed.
-#verbose=
-
-
-[REPORTS]
-
-# Python expression which should return a score less than or equal to 10. You
-# have access to the variables 'fatal', 'error', 'warning', 'refactor',
-# 'convention', and 'info' which contain the number of messages in each
-# category, as well as 'statement' which is the total number of statements
-# analyzed. This score is used by the global evaluation report (RP0004).
-evaluation=max(0, 0 if fatal else 10.0 - ((float(5 * error + warning + refactor + convention) / statement) * 10))
-
-# Template used to display messages. This is a python new-style format string
-# used to format the message information. See doc for all details.
-msg-template=
-
-# Set the output format. Available formats are text, parseable, colorized, json
-# and msvs (visual studio). You can also give a reporter class, e.g.
-# mypackage.mymodule.MyReporterClass.
-#output-format=
-
-# Tells whether to display a full report or only the messages.
-reports=no
-
-# Activate the evaluation score.
-score=yes
-
-
-[MESSAGES CONTROL]
-
-# Only show warnings with the listed confidence levels. Leave empty to show
-# all. Valid levels: HIGH, CONTROL_FLOW, INFERENCE, INFERENCE_FAILURE,
-# UNDEFINED.
-confidence=HIGH,
-           CONTROL_FLOW,
-           INFERENCE,
-           INFERENCE_FAILURE,
-           UNDEFINED
-
-# Disable the message, report, category or checker with the given id(s). You
-# can either give multiple identifiers separated by comma (,) or put this
-# option multiple times (only on the command line, not in the configuration
-# file where it should appear only once). You can also use "--disable=all" to
-# disable everything first and then re-enable specific checks. For example, if
-# you want to run only the similarities checker, you can use "--disable=all
-# --enable=similarities". If you want to run only the classes checker, but have
-# no Warning level messages displayed, use "--disable=all --enable=classes
-# --disable=W".
-disable=raw-checker-failed,
-        bad-inline-option,
-        locally-disabled,
-        file-ignored,
-        suppressed-message,
-        useless-suppression,
-        deprecated-pragma,
-        use-symbolic-message-instead
-
-# Enable the message, report, category or checker with the given id(s). You can
-# either give multiple identifier separated by comma (,) or put this option
-# multiple time (only on the command line, not in the configuration file where
-# it should appear only once). See also the "--disable" option for examples.
-enable=c-extension-no-member
-
-
-[CLASSES]
-
-# Warn about protected attribute access inside special methods
-check-protected-access-in-special-methods=no
-
-# List of method names used to declare (i.e. assign) instance attributes.
-defining-attr-methods=__init__,
-                      __new__,
-                      setUp,
-                      __post_init__
-
-# List of member names, which should be excluded from the protected access
-# warning.
-exclude-protected=_asdict,
-                  _fields,
-                  _replace,
-                  _source,
-                  _make
-
-# List of valid names for the first argument in a class method.
-valid-classmethod-first-arg=cls
-
-# List of valid names for the first argument in a metaclass class method.
-valid-metaclass-classmethod-first-arg=cls
-
-
-[SIMILARITIES]
-
-# Comments are removed from the similarity computation
-ignore-comments=yes
-
-# Docstrings are removed from the similarity computation
-ignore-docstrings=yes
-
-# Imports are removed from the similarity computation
-ignore-imports=yes
-
-# Signatures are removed from the similarity computation
-ignore-signatures=yes
-
-# Minimum lines number of a similarity.
-min-similarity-lines=4
-
-
-[REFACTORING]
-
-# Maximum number of nested blocks for function / method body
-max-nested-blocks=5
-
-# Complete name of functions that never returns. When checking for
-# inconsistent-return-statements if a never returning function is called then
-# it will be considered as an explicit return statement and no message will be
-# printed.
-never-returning-functions=sys.exit,argparse.parse_error
-
-
-[BASIC]
-
-# Naming style matching correct argument names.
-argument-naming-style=snake_case
-
-# Regular expression matching correct argument names. Overrides argument-
-# naming-style. If left empty, argument names will be checked with the set
-# naming style.
-#argument-rgx=
-
-# Naming style matching correct attribute names.
-attr-naming-style=snake_case
-
-# Regular expression matching correct attribute names. Overrides attr-naming-
-# style. If left empty, attribute names will be checked with the set naming
-# style.
-#attr-rgx=
-
-# Bad variable names which should always be refused, separated by a comma.
-bad-names=foo,
-          bar,
-          baz,
-          toto,
-          tutu,
-          tata
-
-# Bad variable names regexes, separated by a comma. If names match any regex,
-# they will always be refused
-bad-names-rgxs=
-
-# Naming style matching correct class attribute names.
-class-attribute-naming-style=any
-
-# Regular expression matching correct class attribute names. Overrides class-
-# attribute-naming-style. If left empty, class attribute names will be checked
-# with the set naming style.
-#class-attribute-rgx=
-
-# Naming style matching correct class constant names.
-class-const-naming-style=UPPER_CASE
-
-# Regular expression matching correct class constant names. Overrides class-
-# const-naming-style. If left empty, class constant names will be checked with
-# the set naming style.
-#class-const-rgx=
-
-# Naming style matching correct class names.
-class-naming-style=PascalCase
-
-# Regular expression matching correct class names. Overrides class-naming-
-# style. If left empty, class names will be checked with the set naming style.
-#class-rgx=
-
-# Naming style matching correct constant names.
-const-naming-style=UPPER_CASE
-
-# Regular expression matching correct constant names. Overrides const-naming-
-# style. If left empty, constant names will be checked with the set naming
-# style.
-#const-rgx=
-
-# Minimum line length for functions/classes that require docstrings, shorter
-# ones are exempt.
-docstring-min-length=-1
-
-# Naming style matching correct function names.
-function-naming-style=snake_case
-
-# Regular expression matching correct function names. Overrides function-
-# naming-style. If left empty, function names will be checked with the set
-# naming style.
-#function-rgx=
-
-# Good variable names which should always be accepted, separated by a comma.
-good-names=i,
-           j,
-           k,
-           ex,
-           Run,
-           _
-
-# Good variable names regexes, separated by a comma. If names match any regex,
-# they will always be accepted
-good-names-rgxs=
-
-# Include a hint for the correct naming format with invalid-name.
-include-naming-hint=no
-
-# Naming style matching correct inline iteration names.
-inlinevar-naming-style=any
-
-# Regular expression matching correct inline iteration names. Overrides
-# inlinevar-naming-style. If left empty, inline iteration names will be checked
-# with the set naming style.
-#inlinevar-rgx=
-
-# Naming style matching correct method names.
-method-naming-style=snake_case
-
-# Regular expression matching correct method names. Overrides method-naming-
-# style. If left empty, method names will be checked with the set naming style.
-#method-rgx=
-
-# Naming style matching correct module names.
-module-naming-style=snake_case
-
-# Regular expression matching correct module names. Overrides module-naming-
-# style. If left empty, module names will be checked with the set naming style.
-#module-rgx=
-
-# Colon-delimited sets of names that determine each other's naming style when
-# the name regexes allow several styles.
-name-group=
-
-# Regular expression which should only match function or class names that do
-# not require a docstring.
-no-docstring-rgx=^_
-
-# List of decorators that produce properties, such as abc.abstractproperty. Add
-# to this list to register other decorators that produce valid properties.
-# These decorators are taken in consideration only for invalid-name.
-property-classes=abc.abstractproperty
-
-# Regular expression matching correct type variable names. If left empty, type
-# variable names will be checked with the set naming style.
-#typevar-rgx=
-
-# Naming style matching correct variable names.
-variable-naming-style=snake_case
-
-# Regular expression matching correct variable names. Overrides variable-
-# naming-style. If left empty, variable names will be checked with the set
-# naming style.
-#variable-rgx=
-
-
-[SPELLING]
-
-# Limits count of emitted suggestions for spelling mistakes.
-max-spelling-suggestions=4
-
-# Spelling dictionary name. Available dictionaries: none. To make it work,
-# install the 'python-enchant' package.
-spelling-dict=
-
-# List of comma separated words that should be considered directives if they
-# appear at the beginning of a comment and should not be checked.
-spelling-ignore-comment-directives=fmt: on,fmt: off,noqa:,noqa,nosec,isort:skip,mypy:
-
-# List of comma separated words that should not be checked.
-spelling-ignore-words=
-
-# A path to a file that contains the private dictionary; one word per line.
-spelling-private-dict-file=
-
-# Tells whether to store unknown words to the private dictionary (see the
-# --spelling-private-dict-file option) instead of raising a message.
-spelling-store-unknown-words=no
-
-
-[VARIABLES]
-
-# List of additional names supposed to be defined in builtins. Remember that
-# you should avoid defining new builtins when possible.
-additional-builtins=
-
-# Tells whether unused global variables should be treated as a violation.
-allow-global-unused-variables=yes
-
-# List of names allowed to shadow builtins
-allowed-redefined-builtins=
-
-# List of strings which can identify a callback function by name. A callback
-# name must start or end with one of those strings.
-callbacks=cb_,
-          _cb
-
-# A regular expression matching the name of dummy variables (i.e. expected to
-# not be used).
-dummy-variables-rgx=_+$|(_[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?$)|dummy|^ignored_|^unused_
-
-# Argument names that match this expression will be ignored. Default to name
-# with leading underscore.
-ignored-argument-names=_.*|^ignored_|^unused_
-
-# Tells whether we should check for unused import in __init__ files.
-init-import=no
-
-# List of qualified module names which can have objects that can redefine
-# builtins.
-redefining-builtins-modules=six.moves,past.builtins,future.builtins,builtins,io
-
-
-[LOGGING]
-
-# The type of string formatting that logging methods do. `old` means using %
-# formatting, `new` is for `{}` formatting.
-logging-format-style=old
-
-# Logging modules to check that the string format arguments are in logging
-# function parameter format.
-logging-modules=logging
-
-
-[FORMAT]
-
-# Expected format of line ending, e.g. empty (any line ending), LF or CRLF.
-expected-line-ending-format=
-
-# Regexp for a line that is allowed to be longer than the limit.
-ignore-long-lines=^\s*(# )?<?https?://\S+>?$
-
-# Number of spaces of indent required inside a hanging or continued line.
-indent-after-paren=4
-
-# String used as indentation unit. This is usually "    " (4 spaces) or "\t" (1
-# tab).
-indent-string='    '
-
-# Maximum number of characters on a single line.
-max-line-length=100
-
-# Maximum number of lines in a module.
-max-module-lines=1000
-
-# Allow the body of a class to be on the same line as the declaration if body
-# contains single statement.
-single-line-class-stmt=no
-
-# Allow the body of an if to be on the same line as the test if there is no
-# else.
-single-line-if-stmt=no
-
-
-[EXCEPTIONS]
-
-# Exceptions that will emit a warning when caught.
-overgeneral-exceptions=BaseException,
-                       Exception
-
-
-[IMPORTS]
-
-# List of modules that can be imported at any level, not just the top level
-# one.
-allow-any-import-level=
-
-# Allow wildcard imports from modules that define __all__.
-allow-wildcard-with-all=no
-
-# Deprecated modules which should not be used, separated by a comma.
-deprecated-modules=
-
-# Output a graph (.gv or any supported image format) of external dependencies
-# to the given file (report RP0402 must not be disabled).
-ext-import-graph=
-
-# Output a graph (.gv or any supported image format) of all (i.e. internal and
-# external) dependencies to the given file (report RP0402 must not be
-# disabled).
-import-graph=
-
-# Output a graph (.gv or any supported image format) of internal dependencies
-# to the given file (report RP0402 must not be disabled).
-int-import-graph=
-
-# Force import order to recognize a module as part of the standard
-# compatibility libraries.
-known-standard-library=
-
-# Force import order to recognize a module as part of a third party library.
-known-third-party=enchant
-
-# Couples of modules and preferred modules, separated by a comma.
-preferred-modules=
-
-
-[TYPECHECK]
-
-# List of decorators that produce context managers, such as
-# contextlib.contextmanager. Add to this list to register other decorators that
-# produce valid context managers.
-contextmanager-decorators=contextlib.contextmanager
-
-# List of members which are set dynamically and missed by pylint inference
-# system, and so shouldn't trigger E1101 when accessed. Python regular
-# expressions are accepted.
-generated-members=
-
-# Tells whether to warn about missing members when the owner of the attribute
-# is inferred to be None.
-ignore-none=yes
-
-# This flag controls whether pylint should warn about no-member and similar
-# checks whenever an opaque object is returned when inferring. The inference
-# can return multiple potential results while evaluating a Python object, but
-# some branches might not be evaluated, which results in partial inference. In
-# that case, it might be useful to still emit no-member and other checks for
-# the rest of the inferred objects.
-ignore-on-opaque-inference=yes
-
-# List of symbolic message names to ignore for Mixin members.
-ignored-checks-for-mixins=no-member,
-                          not-async-context-manager,
-                          not-context-manager,
-                          attribute-defined-outside-init
-
-# List of class names for which member attributes should not be checked (useful
-# for classes with dynamically set attributes). This supports the use of
-# qualified names.
-ignored-classes=optparse.Values,thread._local,_thread._local,argparse.Namespace,scoped_session
-
-# Show a hint with possible names when a member name was not found. The aspect
-# of finding the hint is based on edit distance.
-missing-member-hint=yes
-
-# The minimum edit distance a name should have in order to be considered a
-# similar match for a missing member name.
-missing-member-hint-distance=1
-
-# The total number of similar names that should be taken in consideration when
-# showing a hint for a missing member.
-missing-member-max-choices=1
-
-# Regex pattern to define which classes are considered mixins.
-mixin-class-rgx=.*[Mm]ixin
-
-# List of decorators that change the signature of a decorated function.
-signature-mutators=
-
-
-[MISCELLANEOUS]
-
-# List of note tags to take in consideration, separated by a comma.
-notes=FIXME,
-      XXX,
-      TODO
-
-# Regular expression of note tags to take in consideration.
-notes-rgx=
-
-
-[STRING]
-
-# This flag controls whether inconsistent-quotes generates a warning when the
-# character used as a quote delimiter is used inconsistently within a module.
-check-quote-consistency=no
-
-# This flag controls whether the implicit-str-concat should generate a warning
-# on implicit string concatenation in sequences defined over several lines.
-check-str-concat-over-line-jumps=no
-
-
-[DESIGN]
-
-# List of regular expressions of class ancestor names to ignore when counting
-# public methods (see R0903)
-exclude-too-few-public-methods=
-
-# List of qualified class names to ignore when counting class parents (see
-# R0901)
-ignored-parents=
-
-# Maximum number of arguments for function / method.
-max-args=5
-
-# Maximum number of attributes for a class (see R0902).
-max-attributes=7
-
-# Maximum number of boolean expressions in an if statement (see R0916).
-max-bool-expr=5
-
-# Maximum number of branch for function / method body.
-max-branches=12
-
-# Maximum number of locals for function / method body.
-max-locals=15
-
-# Maximum number of parents for a class (see R0901).
-max-parents=7
-
-# Maximum number of public methods for a class (see R0904).
-max-public-methods=20
-
-# Maximum number of return / yield for function / method body.
-max-returns=6
-
-# Maximum number of statements in function / method body.
-max-statements=50
-
-# Minimum number of public methods for a class (see R0903).
-min-public-methods=2
diff --git a/areas/apps/apps.py b/areas/apps/apps.py
index fe9f30a1..2f15bd40 100644
--- a/areas/apps/apps.py
+++ b/areas/apps/apps.py
@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@ APPS_DATA = [
 
 APP_DATA = {"id": 1, "name": "Nextcloud", "selected": True, "status": "ON for everyone", "config": CONFIG_DATA},
 
-APP_NOT_INSTALLED_STATUS = "Not installed"
-
 @api_v1.route('/apps', methods=['GET'])
 @jwt_required()
 @cross_origin()
diff --git a/areas/apps/models.py b/areas/apps/models.py
index f28971e5..a3098ab3 100644
--- a/areas/apps/models.py
+++ b/areas/apps/models.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Integer, String
 from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
 from database import db
 import helpers.kubernetes as k8s
-from .apps import APP_NOT_INSTALLED_STATUS
 
 
 class App(db.Model):
@@ -23,34 +22,8 @@ class App(db.Model):
         return f"{self.id} <{self.name}>"
 
     def get_status(self):
-        """Returns a string that describes the app state in the cluster"""
-        kustomization = self.kustomization
-        if kustomization is not None and "status" in kustomization:
-            ks_ready, ks_message = App.check_condition(kustomization['status'])
-        else:
-            ks_ready = None
-        for helmrelease in self.helmreleases['items']:
-            hr_status = helmrelease['status']
-            hr_ready, hr_message = App.check_condition(hr_status)
-
-            # For now, only show the message of the first HR that isn't ready
-            if not hr_ready:
-                break
-
-        if ks_ready is None:
-            return APP_NOT_INSTALLED_STATUS
-        # *Should* not happen, but just in case:
-        if (ks_ready is None and hr_ready is not None) or \
-                (hr_ready is None and ks_ready is not None):
-            return ("This app is in a strange state. Contact a Stackspin"
-                " administrator if this status stays for longer than 5 minutes")
-        if ks_ready and hr_ready:
-            return "App installed and running"
-        if not hr_ready:
-            return f"App HelmRelease status: {hr_message}"
-        if not ks_ready:
-            return f"App Kustomization status: {ks_message}"
-        return "App is installing..."
+        """Returns an AppStatus object that describes the current cluster state"""
+        return AppStatus(self.kustomization, self.helmreleases)
 
 
     def install(self):
@@ -139,7 +112,7 @@ class App(db.Model):
     @property
     def helmreleases(self):
         """Returns the helmreleases associated with the kustomization for this app"""
-        return k8s.list_helmreleases(self.namespace,
+        return k8s.get_all_helmreleases(self.namespace,
                 f"kustomize.toolkit.fluxcd.io/name={self.slug}")
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -147,6 +120,74 @@ class App(db.Model):
         """Returns directory that contains the Jinja templates used to create app secrets."""
         return os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), "templates")
 
+
+
+class AppRole(db.Model):  # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods
+    """
+    The AppRole object, stores the roles Users have on Apps
+    """
+
+    user_id = db.Column(String(length=64), primary_key=True)
+    app_id = db.Column(Integer, ForeignKey("app.id"), primary_key=True)
+    role_id = db.Column(Integer, ForeignKey("role.id"))
+
+    role = relationship("Role")
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return (f"role_id: {self.role_id}, user_id: {self.user_id},"
+                f" app_id: {self.app_id}, role: {self.role}")
+
+class AppStatus():  # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods
+    """
+    Represents the status of an app in the Kubernetes cluster.
+
+    This class can answer a few questions, like "is the app installed?", but
+    can also return raw status messages from Kustomizations and HelmReleases
+
+    This constructor sets three variables:
+
+    self.installed (bool): Whether the app should be installed
+    self.ready (bool): Whether the app is installed correctly
+    self.message (str): Information about the status
+
+    :param kustomization_status: The status of the Kustomization of this app:
+    :type kustomization_status: str
+    :param helmrelease_status: The status of the helmreleases of this app
+    :type helmrelease_status: str[]
+    """
+    def __init__(self, kustomization, helmreleases):
+        self.helmreleases = {}
+        if kustomization is not None and "status" in kustomization:
+            ks_ready, ks_message = AppStatus.check_condition(kustomization['status'])
+            self.installed = True
+        else:
+            ks_ready = None
+            ks_message = "Kustomization does not exist"
+            self.installed = False
+            self.ready = False
+            self.message = "Not installed"
+
+        for helmrelease in helmreleases:
+            hr_status = helmrelease['status']
+            hr_ready, hr_message = AppStatus.check_condition(hr_status)
+
+            # For now, only show the message of the first HR that isn't ready
+            if not hr_ready:
+                self.ready = False
+                self.message = f"HelmRelease {helmrelease['metadata']['name']} status: {hr_message}"
+                return
+
+        # If we end up here, all HRs are ready
+        if ks_ready:
+            self.ready = True
+            self.message = "Installed"
+        else:
+            self.ready = False
+            self.message = f"App Kustomization status: {ks_message}"
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"Installed: {self.installed}\tReady: {self.ready}\tMessage: {self.message}"
+
     @staticmethod
     def check_condition(status):
         """
@@ -166,19 +207,3 @@ class App(db.Model):
             if condition["type"] == "Ready":
                 return condition["status"] == "True", condition["message"]
         return False, "Condition with type 'Ready' not found"
-
-
-class AppRole(db.Model):  # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods
-    """
-    The AppRole object, stores the roles Users have on Apps
-    """
-
-    user_id = db.Column(String(length=64), primary_key=True)
-    app_id = db.Column(Integer, ForeignKey("app.id"), primary_key=True)
-    role_id = db.Column(Integer, ForeignKey("role.id"))
-
-    role = relationship("Role")
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return (f"role_id: {self.role_id}, user_id: {self.user_id},"
-                f" app_id: {self.app_id}, role: {self.role}")
diff --git a/cliapp/cliapp/cli.py b/cliapp/cliapp/cli.py
index 6a689bfd..6ac5cba6 100644
--- a/cliapp/cliapp/cli.py
+++ b/cliapp/cliapp/cli.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ from config import HYDRA_ADMIN_URL, KRATOS_ADMIN_URL, KRATOS_PUBLIC_URL
 from helpers import KratosUser
 from cliapp import cli
 from areas.roles import Role
-from areas.apps import AppRole, App, APP_NOT_INSTALLED_STATUS
+from areas.apps import AppRole, App
 from database import db
 
 # APIs
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def status_app(slug):
         current_app.logger.error(f"App {slug} does not exist")
         return
 
-    current_app.logger.info(f"Status: {app.get_status()}")
+    current_app.logger.info(app.get_status())
 
 @app_cli.command("install")
 @click.argument("slug")
@@ -152,13 +152,12 @@ def install_app(slug):
         return
 
     current_status = app.get_status()
-    if current_status == APP_NOT_INSTALLED_STATUS:
+    if current_status.installed == False:
         app.install()
         current_app.logger.info(
             f"App {slug} installing... use `status` to see status")
     else:
-        current_app.logger.error("App {slug} should have status"
-            f" {APP_NOT_INSTALLED_STATUS} but has status: {current_status}")
+        current_app.logger.error(f"App {slug} is already installed")
 
 @app_cli.command("roles")
 @click.argument("slug")
diff --git a/helpers/kubernetes.py b/helpers/kubernetes.py
index 9d843e29..7f29aded 100644
--- a/helpers/kubernetes.py
+++ b/helpers/kubernetes.py
@@ -12,17 +12,28 @@ from kubernetes.client import api_client
 from kubernetes.client.exceptions import ApiException
 from kubernetes.utils import create_from_yaml
 from kubernetes.utils.create_from_yaml import FailToCreateError
+from flask import current_app
 
 # Load the kube config once
+#
+# By default this loads whatever we define in the `KUBECONFIG` env variable,
+# otherwise loads the config from default locations, similar to what kubectl
+# does.
 config.load_kube_config()
 
 def create_variables_secret(app_slug, variables_filepath):
     """Checks if a variables secret for app_name already exists, generates it if necessary.
 
+    If a secret already exists, loops through keys from the template, and adds
+    values for keys that miss in the Kubernetes secret, but are available in
+    the template.
+
     :param app_slug: The slug of the app, used in the oauth secrets
     :type app_slug: string
     :param variables_filepath: The path to an existing jinja2 template
     :type variables_filepath: string
+    :return: returns True, unless an exception gets raised by the Kubernetes API
+    :rtype: boolean
     """
     new_secret_dict = read_template_to_dict(
             variables_filepath,
@@ -37,7 +48,7 @@ def create_variables_secret(app_slug, variables_filepath):
     elif current_secret_data.keys() != new_secret_dict["data"].keys():
         # Update current secret with new keys
         update_secret = True
-        print(
+        current_app.logger.info(
             f"Secret {secret_name} in namespace {secret_namespace}"
             " already exists. Merging..."
         )
@@ -45,12 +56,12 @@ def create_variables_secret(app_slug, variables_filepath):
         new_secret_dict["data"] |= current_secret_data
     else:
         # Do Nothing
-        print(
+        current_app.logger.info(
             f"Secret {secret_name} in namespace {secret_namespace}"
             " is already in a good state, doing nothing."
         )
         return True
-    print(
+    current_app.logger.info(
         f"Storing secret {secret_name} in namespace"
         f" {secret_namespace} in cluster."
     )
@@ -61,7 +72,14 @@ def create_variables_secret(app_slug, variables_filepath):
 
 
 def get_secret_metadata(secret_dict):
-    """Returns secret name and namespace from metadata field in a yaml string."""
+    """
+    Returns secret name and namespace from metadata field in a yaml string.
+
+    :param secret_dict: Dictionary of the secret as returned by read_namespaced_secret
+    :type secret_dict: dict
+    :return: Tuple containing secret name and secret namespace
+    :rtype: tuple
+    """
     secret_name = secret_dict["metadata"]["name"]
     # default namespace is flux-system, but other namespace can be
     # provided in secret metadata
@@ -73,7 +91,17 @@ def get_secret_metadata(secret_dict):
 
 
 def get_kubernetes_secret_data(secret_name, namespace):
-    """Returns the contents of a kubernetes secret or None if the secret does not exist."""
+    """
+    Get secret from Kubernetes
+
+    :param secret_name: Name of the  secret
+    :type secret_name: string
+    :param namespace: Namespace of the secret
+    :type namespace: string
+
+    :return: The contents of a kubernetes secret or None if the secret does not exist.
+    :rtype: dict or None
+    """
     api_client_instance = api_client.ApiClient()
     api_instance = client.CoreV1Api(api_client_instance)
     try:
@@ -87,7 +115,20 @@ def get_kubernetes_secret_data(secret_name, namespace):
 
 
 def store_kubernetes_secret(secret_dict, namespace, update=False):
-    """Stores either a new secret in the cluster, or updates an existing one."""
+    """
+    Stores either a new secret in the cluster, or updates an existing one.
+
+    :param secret_dict: Dictionary of the secret as returned by read_namespaced_secret
+    :type secret_dict: dict
+    :param namespace: Namespace of the secret
+    :type namespace: string
+    :param update: If True, use `patch_kubernetes_secret`,
+                   otherwise use `create_from_yaml` (default: False)
+    :type update: boolean
+
+    :return: None
+    :rtype: None
+    """
     api_client_instance = api_client.ApiClient()
     if update:
         verb = "updated"
@@ -101,13 +142,23 @@ def store_kubernetes_secret(secret_dict, namespace, update=False):
                 namespace=namespace
             )
         except FailToCreateError as ex:
-            print(f"Secret not {verb} because of exception {ex}")
+            current_app.logger.info(f"Secret not created because of exception {ex}")
             return
-    print(f"Secret {verb} with api response: {api_response}")
+    current_app.logger.info(f"Secret {verb} with api response: {api_response}")
 
 
 def store_kustomization(kustomization_template_filepath, app_slug):
-    """Add a kustomization that installs app {app_slug} to the cluster"""
+    """
+    Add a kustomization that installs app {app_slug} to the cluster.
+
+    :param kustomization_template_filepath: Path to the template that describes
+        the kustomization. The template should have an `{{ app }}` entry.
+    :type kustomization_template_filepath: string
+    :param app_slug: Slug for the app, used to replace `{{ app }}` in the
+        template
+    :return: True on success
+    :rtype: boolean
+    """
     kustomization_dict = read_template_to_dict(kustomization_template_filepath,
             {"app": app_slug})
     custom_objects_api = client.CustomObjectsApi()
@@ -119,14 +170,25 @@ def store_kustomization(kustomization_template_filepath, app_slug):
             plural="kustomizations",
             body=kustomization_dict)
     except FailToCreateError as ex:
-        print(f"Could not create {app_slug} Kustomization because of exception {ex}")
-        return
-    print(f"Kustomization created with api response: {api_response}")
+        current_app.logger.info(
+            f"Could not create {app_slug} Kustomization because of exception {ex}")
+        return False
+    current_app.logger.debug(f"Kustomization created with api response: {api_response}")
+    return True
 
 def delete_kustomization(kustomization_name):
-    """Deletes kustomization for an app_slug. Should also result in the
-    deletion of the app's HelmReleases, PVCs, OAuth2Client, etc. Nothing will
-    remain"""
+    """
+    Deletes a kustomization.
+
+    Note that this can also result in the deletion of an app's HelmReleases,
+    PVCs (user data!), OAuth2Client, etc. Nothing will remain
+
+    :param kustomization_name: name of the kustomization to delete
+    :type kustomization_name: string
+
+    :return: Response of delete API call
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
     custom_objects_api = client.CustomObjectsApi()
     body = client.V1DeleteOptions()
     try:
@@ -138,14 +200,16 @@ def delete_kustomization(kustomization_name):
             name=kustomization_name,
             body=body)
     except ApiException as ex:
-        print(f"Could not delete {kustomization_name} Kustomization because of exception {ex}")
+        current_app.logger.info(
+            f"Could not delete {kustomization_name} Kustomization because of exception {ex}")
         return False
-    print(f"Kustomization deleted with api response: {api_response}")
+    current_app.logger.debug(f"Kustomization deleted with api response: {api_response}")
     return api_response
 
 
 def read_template_to_dict(template_filepath, template_globals):
-    """Reads a Jinja2 template that contains yaml and turns it into a dict
+    """
+    Reads a Jinja2 template that contains yaml and turns it into a dict.
 
     :param template_filepath: The path to an existing Jinja2 template
     :type template_filepath: string
@@ -167,7 +231,17 @@ def read_template_to_dict(template_filepath, template_globals):
 
 
 def patch_kubernetes_secret(secret_dict, namespace):
-    """Patches secret in the cluster with new data."""
+    """
+    Patches secret in the cluster with new data.
+
+    Warning: currently ignores everything that's not in secret_dict["data"]
+
+    :param secret_dict: Dictionary of the secret as returned by read_namespaced_secret
+    :type secret_dict: dict
+    :param namespace: Namespace of the secret
+    :type namespace: string
+    :return: Response of the patch API call
+    """
     api_client_instance = api_client.ApiClient()
     api_instance = client.CoreV1Api(api_client_instance)
     name = secret_dict["metadata"]["name"]
@@ -177,30 +251,32 @@ def patch_kubernetes_secret(secret_dict, namespace):
 
 
 def generate_password(length):
-    """Generates a password of "length" characters."""
+    """
+    Generates a password with letters and digits.
+
+    :param length: The amount of characters in the password
+    :type length: int
+    :return: Generated password
+    :rtype: string
+    """
     length = int(length)
-    password = "".join((secrets.choice(string.ascii_letters)
+    password = "".join((secrets.choice(string.ascii_letters + string.digits)
                         for i in range(length)))
     return password
 
 
 def gen_htpasswd(user, password):
-    """Generate htpasswd entry for user with password."""
-    return f"{user}:{crypt.crypt(password, crypt.mksalt(crypt.METHOD_SHA512))}"
-
-def get_all_kustomization_names(namespace='flux-system'):
     """
-    Returns all flux kustomizations in a namespace.
-    :param namespace: namespace that contains kustomizations. Default: `flux-system`
-    :type namespace: str
-    :return: List of names for kustomizations in namespace
-    :rtype: list
+    Generate htpasswd entry for user with password.
+
+    :param user: Username used in the htpasswd entry
+    :type user: string
+    :param password: Password for the user, will get encrypted.
+    :type password: string
+    :return: htpassword line entry
+    :rtype: string
     """
-    kustomizations = get_all_kustomizations(namespace)
-    return_kustomizations = []
-    for kustomization in kustomizations['items']:
-        return_kustomizations.append(kustomization['metadata']['name'])
-    return return_kustomizations
+    return f"{user}:{crypt.crypt(password, crypt.mksalt(crypt.METHOD_SHA512))}"
 
 
 def get_all_kustomizations(namespace='flux-system'):
@@ -208,8 +284,8 @@ def get_all_kustomizations(namespace='flux-system'):
     Returns all flux kustomizations in a namespace.
     :param namespace: namespace that contains kustomizations. Default: `flux-system`
     :type namespace: str
-    :return: Kustomizations as returned by CustomObjectsApi.list_namespaced_custom_object()
-    :rtype: object
+    :return: 'items' in dict returned by CustomObjectsApi.list_namespaced_custom_object()
+    :rtype: dict[]
     """
     api = client.CustomObjectsApi()
     api_response = api.list_namespaced_custom_object(
@@ -221,107 +297,58 @@ def get_all_kustomizations(namespace='flux-system'):
     return api_response
 
 
-def get_all_helmrelease_names(namespace='stackspin'):
-    """
-    Returns names of all helmreleases in a namespace.
-    :param namespace: namespace that contains kustomizations. Default: `stackspin`
-    :type namespace: str
-    :return: List of names for helmreleases in namespace
-    :rtype: list
+def get_all_helmreleases(namespace='stackspin', label_selector=""):
     """
-    helmreleases = get_all_helmreleases(namespace)
-    return_helmreleases = []
-    for helmrelease in helmreleases['items']:
-        return_helmreleases.append(helmrelease['metadata']['name'])
-    return return_helmreleases
+    Lists all helmreleases in a certain namespace (stackspin by default)
 
-def get_all_helmreleases(namespace='stackspin'):
-    """
-    Returns all helmreleases in a namespace.
-    :param namespace: namespace that contains kustomizations. Default: `stackspin`
+    :param namespace: namespace that contains helmreleases. Default: `stackspin-apps`
     :type namespace: str
-    :return: Helmreleases as returned by CustomObjectsApi.list_namespaced_custom_object()
-    :rtype: object
-    """
-    api = client.CustomObjectsApi()
-    api_response = api.list_namespaced_custom_object(
-        group="helm.toolkit.fluxcd.io",
-        version="v2beta1",
-        plural="helmreleases",
-        namespace=namespace,
-    )
-    return api_response
+    :param label_selector: a label selector to limit the list (optional)
+    :type label_selector: str
 
+    :return: List of helmreleases
+    :rtype: dict[]
+    """
+    api_instance = client.CustomObjectsApi()
 
-def get_kustomization(name, namespace='flux-system'):
-    """Returns all info of a Flux kustomization with name 'name'"""
-    api = client.CustomObjectsApi()
     try:
-        resource = api.get_namespaced_custom_object(
-            group="kustomize.toolkit.fluxcd.io",
-            version="v1beta1",
-            name=name,
-            namespace=namespace,
-            plural="kustomizations",
-        )
-    except client.exceptions.ApiException as error:
+        api_response = api_instance.list_namespaced_custom_object(
+                group="helm.toolkit.fluxcd.io",
+                version="v2beta1",
+                namespace=namespace,
+                plural="helmreleases",
+                label_selector=label_selector)
+    except ApiException as error:
         if error.status == 404:
             return None
         # Raise all non-404 errors
         raise error
-    return resource
+    return api_response['items']
 
 
-def get_helmrelease(name, namespace='stackspin-apps'):
-    """Returns all info of a Flux helmrelease with name 'name'"""
+def get_kustomization(name, namespace='flux-system'):
+    """
+    Returns all info of a Flux kustomization with name 'name'
+
+    :param name: Name of the kustomizatoin
+    :type name: string
+    :param namespace: Namespace of the kustomization
+    :type namespace: string
+    :return: kustomization as returned by the API
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
     api = client.CustomObjectsApi()
     try:
         resource = api.get_namespaced_custom_object(
-            group="helm.toolkit.fluxcd.io",
-            version="v2beta1",
+            group="kustomize.toolkit.fluxcd.io",
+            version="v1beta1",
             name=name,
             namespace=namespace,
-            plural="helmreleases",
+            plural="kustomizations",
         )
     except client.exceptions.ApiException as error:
         if error.status == 404:
             return None
         # Raise all non-404 errors
         raise error
-
     return resource
-
-def list_helmreleases(namespace='stackspin-apps', label_selector=""):
-    """
-    Lists all helmreleases in a certain namespace (stackspin-apps by default)
-
-    Optionally takes a label selector to limit the list.
-    """
-    api_instance = client.CustomObjectsApi()
-
-    try:
-        api_response = api_instance.list_namespaced_custom_object(
-                group="helm.toolkit.fluxcd.io",
-                version="v2beta1",
-                namespace=namespace,
-                plural="helmreleases",
-                label_selector=label_selector)
-    except ApiException as error:
-        if error.status == 404:
-            return None
-        # Raise all non-404 errors
-        raise error
-    return api_response
-
-
-def get_readiness(app_status):
-    """
-    Parses an app status's 'conditions' to find a type field called 'Ready' and
-    returns its status. Works for Kustomizations as well as Helmreleases.
-    """
-    for condition in app_status['conditions']:
-        if condition['type'] == 'Ready':
-            return condition['status']
-    # If this point is reached, no condition "Ready" exists, so the application
-    # is not ready.
-    return False
-- 
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